Babylonian Algebra
Wow, what an impressive system! We talk about demystifying mathematics, but I can't imagine trying to teach someone these techniques: it seems as though there is no justification for their use beyond some accumulation of evidence that they work. Because of the lack of generalization tools, the system is entirely algorithmic (which is really just a less symbol-oriented algebra). I thought it was very interesting that the Babylonians seemed to have conceptions into three dimensions with their definitions of lagab, asha, sahar. It makes sense that you wouldn't really require set terms for anything in more dimensions, since we only operate in three in our day to day lives. Of even more interest, though, is the fact that there was clearly some amount of abstraction as evidenced by the Babylonians treating high dimension systems as "hidden quadratics." As to the second question, I would be hesitant to try to contain mathematics in two words. I certainly do think that gen...